Introduction:

A small amount of protein is excreted daily into the urine of healthy individuals. The extracted proteins are mucoproteins, most of which are filtered out of the urinferous tubules and the glomeruli. Albumin, a protein of molecular weight of 50000 is not easily filtered out and is excreted into the urine (microalbuminuria) This makes albumin excretion into the urine a useful indicator of early glomerualar disease. Microalbuminuria is a condition characterized by increased urinary excretion of albumin in the absence of overt nephropathy. Microalbumin has been reported in several studies to predict development of diabetic nephropathy and its mortality risk in diabetic patients. Because microalbuminuria may be reversible if diabetes is well controlled, the early detection of Microalbumin may be very beneficial in treatment programs for diabetes.

Principle:

When a sample is mixed with anti human albumin goat antiserum, agglutination is caused by the antigen antibody reaction. The turbidity is measured with SMART340 and albumin in the sample is quantitatively determined